Numbers worth caring about—a list of important numbers

… in one convenient place

Table of Contents


  1. Totality numbers
  2. Universe numbers
  3. Time numbers
  4. Speed of light for Americans
  5. Biological numbers
  6. Food numbers

It may be the case that myths, especially good geometry-based ones, express Real Truth. Relations of quantity, meanwhile, are surely really out there. Mathematical knowledge about things is real—two apples and two apples really does make four apples out there. Facts of magnitude are golden—thoroughly grasped by the subject, and really instantiated by the object(s).

So with that mighty introduction let me introduce … some numbers worth caring about.

I present them here in four domains of discourse. I can think of two—(1) the Totality or Urgrund (“all of reality all the way down”) and (2) the observable universe. Now we can ask two questions:

  1. What object quanta are certain to hold of the Totality—i.e., of the Urgrund, i.e., of all of reality all the way down.
  2. What object quanta are certain to hold of the observable universe?
  3. What time quanta are certain to hold of the observable universe?
  4. What object quanta are certain to hold of the human body?

1.
Totality numbers

In the TOTALITY (or Urgrund) there are —

  • Aleph-null universes.

2.
Universe numbers

In the observable (local) universe there are …

  • 11 (or 10, or 26) dimensions. A dimension is a way of variation in the position of particuloid matter (meaning wavicle-stuff—particulate matter plus physical energy-waves-smears, and plus the weird smears of probability, whatever that might even mean ontologically).
  •  10 million superclusters. A super cluster is the largest group type for galaxies. Galaxies occur first in groups that are gravitationally bound with each other, called galaxy groups, that contain 50 or fewer members. Galaxy collections larger than groups (that are still first-order clusterings) are called galaxy clusters. Groups and clusters are also clustered, and these are superclusters.
  • 200 billion – 2 trillion galaxies.
  • 1024 stars.
  • 1078 – 1082 atoms.
  • The age of the Universe is 13.8 billion years.
  •  The diameter of the Universe is 93 Gly.

3.
Time numbers

  • 13.772 billions years have passed since the Big Bang.
  • The lower limit of electron lifespan: 6.6 x 1028 years (66,000 yottayears).
  • The half-lifespan of a proton: at least 1034 – 1035 years.

4.
Speed of light for Americans

Finally, a units that we can really grasp, that is, emulate in imaginary and rescaled motion. Actually, we can schematize distance really well. We can imagine walking there, with a full and thick first person “reliving”-type “hypnotic” immersive imagining, and then just speed this up in same way the we speed through “… in an hour” in our heads when we grasp that phrase’s sense.

And here it is!

The speed of light is 327.85 YARDS per MICROSECOND.

What’s that? You can’t really grok microseconds? Too small?

Then try this:

Light, in one MILLISECOND, flies a distance of 186.28 MILES—or half the distance from LA to San Francisco. (That helps! If you could shuttle run between LA and San Francisco 500 times in one second, you’d be a light person.)

You can get this one if you’ve driven non-stop. 186 miles is you, driving, listening to the radio and thinking, planing, fantasizing, remembering, worrying, etc. for three hours. And your speed is the normal 60 mph. (And you schematize that by the intensity of your attention: the faster the more fear the harder the vigilance.)

5.
Biological numbers

Body (human)

Brain (human)

  • 86 billion neurons and 84 billion glial cells in human brain
  • 280 cm3 grey plus white matter in the frontal cortex
  •  69 billion neurons and 16 billion glial cells in cerebellum
  •  16 billion neurons and 61 billion glial cells in cerebral cortex
  • 3 x 1014 synapses (assuming 20,000 synapses per neuron) in cerebral cortex
  •  700 million neurons and 7 billion glial cells in brain stem
  • At least 1015 (1 quadrillion) synapses in the brain at its max (age three).

Sources
Cells in body

Medical News Today  Smithsonian Mag 

Cells in brain

J Comp Neurol 

Brain fun facts

  • Smallest brained mammal: lesser bamboo bat (0.074 g • body 4.8 g)
  • Smallest brained mammal: Etruscan shrew (0.064 g • body 2 g)
  • Largest brained mammal: sperm whale (10,000 g • body 200,000 kg)
  • Largest brained land mammal: African elephant (6,000 g • body 7,500 kg)
  • Smallest vertebrate brain-to-body mass ratio: bony-eared assfish

Species dominance by number and mass

Table: Species dominance by number and mass
SpeciesPopulationBiomass (million tons)
Bacteria total4 quadrillion quadrillion1,000,000
Ants (many species)10 billion billion3,000
Marine fish (many species) 800-2,000
Cattle (Bos taurus)1.4 billion520
Termites (many species) 445
Humans (Homo sapiens)7 billion350
Antarctic krill (Euphausia suberba)500 trillion150
Sheep (Ovis aries)1.1 billion65
Domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)18.6 billion40
Great whales (10 species)3 million20
Elephants (2 species)0.5 million2

Humanity’s top crops

Table: Top crops
CropTypeglobal valueglobal productiontop producer & value
Rice, paddyCereals$337740,961,445$117 (Mainland China) 2016 data
Cattle, meatLivestock$33665,973,820$53 (United States) 2016 data
Pig, meatLivestock$306118,168,709$167 (Mainland China) 2016 data
Cow’s milk, whole, freshLivestock Primary$286659,150,049$35 (United States) 2016 data
Chicken, meatLivestock$12890,001,779$24.4 (United States)
WheatCereals$84701,395,334$13.7 (Mainland China)
Soybeans $65262,037,569$21.8 (United States)
TomatoesVegetables$58159,347,031$17.9 (Mainland China)
Sugarcane $571,800,377,642$23.9 (Brazil)
Maize (Corn)Cereals$55885,289,935$26.4 (United States)
Eggs, in shellLivestock Primary$5465,181,280$19.8 (Mainland China)
PotatoesRoots and Tubers$50373,158,351$12.6 (Mainland China)
Vegetables, not elsewhere specifiedVegetables$46268,833,780$25.3 (Mainland China)
GrapesFruit$3969,093,293$5.2 (Mainland China)
Water Buffalo milkLivestock Primary$3895,888,113$26.0 (India)
Cotton, lintFibre crops$3726,143,049$9.4 (Mainland China)
ApplesFruit$3275,484,671$15.2 (Mainland China)
BananasFruit$29107,142,187$8.4 (India)
Cassava (yuca)Roots and Tubers$25256,404,044$5.5 (Nigeria)
Mangos, Mangosteens, GuavasFruit$2338,953,166$9.1 (India)
Sheep, meatLivestock$228,229,068$5.6 (Mainland China)
Coffee $228,034,000$10.0 (Brazil)
Palm oilOilcrops$2047,703,805$9.3 (Indonesia)
Onions, dryVegetables$1886,343,822$5.2 (Mainland China)
Beans, dry and greenPulses$17 $6.2 (Mainland China)
Peanuts, in shell $1740,016,584$7.0 (Mainland China)
OlivesOilcrops$1620,545,421$6.3 (Spain)
Rapeseed $15 $3.9 (Canada)
Almonds, in shellTreenuts$153,214,303$12.3 (United States) 2016 data
Walnuts, with shellTreenuts$143,747,549$7.7 (Mainland China) 2016 data
Chilis and peppers, green and dry $13 $7.5 (Mainland China)
RubberTree crops$13 $3.8 (Thailand)
Tea $124,520,000$4.1 (Mainland China)
OrangesFruit$12 $3.8 (Brazil)
CucumbersVegetables$12 $9.1 (Mainland China)
YamsRoots and Tubers$12 $7.6 (Nigeria)
Peaches, nectarinesFruit$11 $6.3 (Mainland China)
Lettuce, ChicoryVegetables$11 $6.3 (Mainland China)
Cacao (Chocolate) $104,082,000$3.1 (Republic of Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast))
Goat, meatLivestock$10 $4.5 (Mainland China)
Sunflower seedOilcrops$10 $2.5 (Russia)
Sugar beetsVegetables$10 $1.6 (France)
WatermelonsFruit$10 $7.4 (Mainland China)
Buffalo, meatLivestock$9 $4.0 (India)
AsparagusVegetables$7 $6.6 (Mainland China)
Turkey, meatLivestock$7 $3.4 (United States)
Carrots, TurnipsVegetables$7 $3.9 (Mainland China)
Duck, meatLivestock$7 $4.6 (Mainland China)
CoconutsTreenuts$6 $1.9 (India)


Glossary

  • Pulses — Pulses are the edible seeds of plants in the legume family. Pulses grow in pods and come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recognizes 11 types of pulses: dry beans, dry broad beans, dry peas, chickpeas, cow peas, pigeon peas, lentils, Bambara beans, vetches, lupins and pulses nes (not elsewhere specified – minor pulses that don’t fall into one of the other categories).
Pulses have a long, rich history. The first evidence of pulses comes from 11,000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent, a region in the Middle East which was home to some of the earliest human civilizations.
Pulses are annual crops that yield between one and 12 grains or seeds. The term “pulses” is limited to crops harvested solely as dry grains, which differentiates them from other vegetable crops that are harvested while still green.

6.
Food numbers

Table: Most valuable crops and livestock
CropTypeGlobal value in $B
Rice, paddyCereals$337
Cattle, meatLivestock$336
Pig, meatLivestock$306
Cow’s milkLivestock Primary$286
Chicken, meatLivestock$128
WheatCereals$84
Soybeans $65
TomatoesVegetables$58
Sugarcane $57
Maize (Corn)Cereals$55
Eggs, in shellLivestock Primary$54
PotatoesRoots and Tubers$50