Gollwitzer on implementation intentions

Gollwitzer, Peter (1999). Implementation Intentions: Strong Effects of Simple Plans. The American Psychologist, Vol. 54, No. 7, 493-503.

Admiration retards achievement

Gollwitzer, Peter M., Sheeran, Paschal, Michalski, Verena & Seifert, Andrea (2009). When Intentions Go Public: Does Social Reality Widen the Intention-Behavior Gap?. Psychological Science, Vol. 20, No. 5, 612-18.

Positive fantasies lower energy and undermine achievement

Kappes, Heather Barry & Oettingen, Gabriele (2011). Positive fantasies about idealized futures sap energy. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 47, Issue 4, 719-729.

Positive fantasies lower academic effort and prevent success

Kappes, Heather Barry & Oettingen, Gabriele (2012). Positive fantasies predict low academic achievement in disadvantaged students. European Journal of Social Psychology, Volume 42, Issue 1, 53-64.

Sad mood increases success

Kappes, Heather Barry, Oettingen, Gabriele, Mayer, Doris & Maglio, Sam (2011). Sad mood promotes self-initiated mental contrasting of future and reality. Emotion, Vol 11(5), 1206-1222.

Watching others succeed undermines motivation

McCulloch, Kathleen, Fitzsimons, Gráinne, Chua, Sook Ning & Albarracin, Dolores (2011). Vicarious goal satiation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47(3), 685-688.

Positive fantasies prevent weight loss

Oettingen, Gabriele & Wadden, Thomas A. (1991). Expectation, fantasy, and weight loss: Is the impact of positive thinking always positive?. Cognitive Therapy and Research, Vol. 15, No. 2, 167-175.

Implementation intentions facilitate retrieval of intentions in memory and reduce past-in-your-future