Six Schools of Indian Philosophy

The six orthodox Hindu darśana are Nyāyá, Vaiśeṣika, Sāṃkhya, Yoga, Mīmāṃsā, and Vedānta. (Darśana [“view, sight”] here refers to how the six systems respectively “look” at reality and the scriptures. Taken collectively, the six systems are referred to as adarśana, the six views.]

The ṣadarśana are the most studied of the Āstika philosophies. [asti, “there is, there exists” + ka, “one who”, meaning “one who believes in the existence of” one of the three orthodox-making elements: (1) the epistemic authority of the Vedas, (2) the existence of ātman, or (3) the existence of Ishvara.] In contrast, Nāstika are those who deny these elements.

Āstika

Nyāyá

The logic school

Nyāyá [“rule, model, axiom, plan, legal proceeding, judicial sentence, or judgment”; in the context of philosophy, “propriety, logic and method”] — Provided a systematic development of the theory of logic, methodology and epistemology.

Early Nyaya scholars published few proofs for the existence of God, but they did apply their skill with reason and epistemic warrant to questions about ontology, consciousness, happiness, and moksha. Later Nyaya scholars, such as Udayana, examined various arguments on theism and attempted to prove existence of God, while other Nyaya scholars offered arguments to disprove the existence of God.

The Nyāya Sūtras, composed by Akṣapāda Gautama between 6-cent BCE and 2-cent CE, focus primarily on logic, methodology and epistemology. Later Nyaya scholars refined its theses, expanded them, and then applied them to spiritual questions.

Vaiśeṣika

The atomist school

Sāṃkhya

The enumeration school

Yoga

The school of Patañjali

The Yoga school of Patañjali assumes the metaphysics of Sāṃkhya.

Yoga

(Pūrva-)Mīmāṃsā

The tradition of Vedic exegesis

Vedanta or Uttara Mimāṃsā

The Upaniṣadic tradition

Nāstika

Buddhism

Jainism

Cārvāka

This reminds me. There are moments. When you realize. That all of philosophy is the feeling of enchantment.

Ājīvika

Ajñana